釋迦(番荔枝)
Annona squamosa 番荔枝科
釋迦-本地常見的果品,台東釋迦馳名國際。
釋迦樹莖高3—5公尺,枝葉細密且低垂。單葉,互生無托葉,葉子正面深綠色反面為灰綠色。花單生,附生於葉腋或枝端,4至9月開放,花瓣3枚呈橢圓長形,顏色淡綠花身下垂,散發濃厚的果香。果實為聚生果,果皮表面呈圓形、心臟形、橢圓形或圓錐形,未熟果表為深綠色,成熟果實呈現淺綠色或綠黃色,形狀神似荔枝,故原名番荔枝,又因為果皮突起形似釋迦牟尼佛頭部,因此別名「釋迦」。「釋迦」之名另有一說應來自印尼語srikaya,荷蘭人自印尼引進時臺灣人採用臺灣語音譯稱呼此果。釋迦種子為黑褐色橢圓形狀,光滑堅硬;果肉雪白口感綿密,香甜又帶點微酸。
![](https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgtPi6kXFqIGQPHweJDId-IcDjYepR2xHXx0SLjaaCYtc-AOd8N6oYaddJeUOmjzZdiFXcra8YltYxoMNd7biVUOyaT7-rX4aTiZb-jet_YDtjvdWZY5oxM3Cs_zkLiXmjRYG3czh7KRSc/w640-h428/%25E7%2595%25AA%25E8%258D%2594%25E6%259E%259D_%25E9%2587%258B%25E8%25BF%25A6+%25282%2529.JPG) |
釋迦-原產南美洲,荷蘭人引入台灣做農藝栽培。目前在東部及南部地區大量栽培。 |
![](https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhY3M7NNnljCwxkfUhGL5MSOdN7h5Ap8tMRZmdJGMckamc7kR4uxQSnMZ2VjUocFKfUbFpEv-PHM_e4lmiTLUfEIqWcttMxSvxoN44oU8TvGtfu1kLnk7mY6NspPNfadoE8K00HgmxHhbQ/w426-h640/%25E7%2595%25AA%25E8%258D%2594%25E6%259E%259D_%25E9%2587%258B%25E8%25BF%25A6+%25283%2529.JPG) |
園藝栽培植株通常控制在3米之下。老枝褐色。 |
![](https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEidj7myOPfGObUODQn8wAfz54b73v_dUhgfgqzI4XOUVuF5YG3T0iyeSxHDYgk_PSQXqT8xQnfprM4yLsz2DuS0pTo8ENK1k8Lv5tI9RKR0pJplegxeP0IXHSma8vUmQVHeQ3Eu-mAamyE/w640-h424/%25E7%2595%25AA%25E8%258D%2594%25E6%259E%259D_%25E9%2587%258B%25E8%25BF%25A6+%25284%2529-1.JPG) |
新枝綠色,單葉互生,葉長橢圓形,表面深綠。 |
![](https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgXsIvu1t2MJf5r8ewy4N4hSskl9KbDhAPPmrwdr_I_mLQyQJGmsoqP7zTbUciiCFrhqWWdceeOOQ_kkS58uzzgneGq5hVOCqlalOgkwTDqLd-8bQsmQXokijfJKeV0GJlp-72ScQoagyI/w640-h424/%25E7%2595%25AA%25E8%258D%2594%25E6%259E%259D_%25E9%2587%258B%25E8%25BF%25A6+%25285%2529.JPG) |
葉背灰綠,側脈突出於葉背。 |
![](https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi900Pf_IyKuINga0B8R0RcCCxFyS9yT08iK8EIN0PcTKSc6Vr65RsG3giNjiKcoI1Omeph-GaYQfTVENg_45TpHon5wnmtiqDdiXH6wPz7WS9L9PwWFBL1DArASLidx_ghHikNGQqdMyw/w640-h424/%25E7%2595%25AA%25E8%258D%2594%25E6%259E%259D_%25E9%2587%258B%25E8%25BF%25A6+%25286%2529.JPG) |
花單生葉腋(稀呈聚繖花序),具長柄。 |
![](https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg8L7v6EOLlFFN1V2x0bFijtn8jE7PUGsdU2erFEouqVV60AHpJtIynVzDgFhTuLPFLNsQKv4dU4EhOLc_OUPU92_mWlp5H-nr0EaRkXdG04LA_fcDQWj3BncJvtUYFJWxegOwfPPHg-Pc/w426-h640/%25E7%2595%25AA%25E8%258D%2594%25E6%259E%259D_%25E9%2587%258B%25E8%25BF%25A6+%25287%2529.JPG) |
花瓣3,長橢圓形,淡綠色,花身下垂。 |
![](https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh4SzJyKfF8jgtZTkYAqAxi_S7wKqtM5D0tBBsRLs5IpJ2gUEGQvp5xHIitb6MODs_qLutycsPwuBLDJ3V5A6B4R5wz8Dt-ZWfFtiD-xP7JO18yGGCFD0XwM0c8F-Cd8KTtle6q0uHfgIY/w640-h424/%25E7%2595%25AA%25E8%258D%2594%25E6%259E%259D_%25E9%2587%258B%25E8%25BF%25A6+%25288%2529.JPG) |
花期4-9月。 |
![](https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjRq2vY-13Y2lT5KWH5PXMfghU7pmW3VoK9Tcp4DrMSUs7jPc5rXGuVBvX5A3plg9xc_5w1-0eDPaHJw6G0Of2RlJY4SkslN-Ud1BFq4mqOk2RzvGj9aaawggEfDQzd5RjO0HNdN9zf6NE/w640-h424/%25E7%2595%25AA%25E8%258D%2594%25E6%259E%259D_%25E9%2587%258B%25E8%25BF%25A6+%25289%2529.JPG) |
雄蕊多數,花絲短;柱頭圓形,心皮多數。 |
![](https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgi2EOwSXUnWabr8nfEUN3eWjXTKdkrVVWpQKnY53qkRGFioFy5QQKc-GwpRU1szFk3Yskr0JMCAV7qT-nmZQ_PxNbL3RUv8FIoWcH6_8GWRONDAa2K0icnSSMI2v0ux3DMY01o2PclUN0/w640-h424/%25E7%2595%25AA%25E8%258D%2594%25E6%259E%259D_%25E9%2587%258B%25E8%25BF%25A6+%252810%2529.JPG) |
花與幼果。 |
![](https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi9t1szodTIWikoMg8rTeEgjBAMOhBdIoHF66IoG8Ro3rT8RxeiJL0Rx2oHbVpmbYHHPjzcnD8gjS_M92slhOkmB1Dre7b8BoA8fgW8eIaLHlf7uVlP3CkN_ANc5phfrqw_HK385xR98R4/w640-h428/%25E7%2595%25AA%25E8%258D%2594%25E6%259E%259D_%25E9%2587%258B%25E8%25BF%25A6+%252811%2529.JPG) |
花謝,心皮發育成聚合果。 |
![](https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgROiriyWQfx9dMnoG6b87qQ0XaDGJS34SDE6kh6-fvyapkfrc17RdYfmcivCBorX5G067I0-yQObPL3h335Bf-QcdNMLrW7SM00v9NgHeszkBedDDhkllGcSZNoeBo3pzVMGVGfucZy0U/w640-h428/%25E7%2595%25AA%25E8%258D%2594%25E6%259E%259D_%25E9%2587%258B%25E8%25BF%25A6+%252812%2529.JPG) |
果熟,外表神似釋迦摩尼佛之頭部,故名釋迦。 |
![](https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgQ2pSZBHWyryeP87tlgFvEArKsJmwCSKc84FpyifKWL13_APJT8-xSk6T468y6os15qfGrvM5SkM9mK7rEQ1YgUXKNYG7nnQFao8L9wJG1-_xdPrTeNOtP90xPg72YHhTySlSV2EbE5nU/w640-h424/%25E7%2595%25AA%25E8%258D%2594%25E6%259E%259D_%25E9%2587%258B%25E8%25BF%25A6+%252813%2529.JPG) |
果肉雪白,種子橢圓形,黑褐色,光滑堅硬。 |
原產於熱帶美洲的釋迦,多栽種於熱帶地區,目前全世界臺灣栽植最多。
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